Naming Discards (Article 259)

In American Mah Jongg, players must name the tile they discard so other players can decide whether to claim it. Proper naming ensures smooth play and avoids confusion, especially when players come from different backgrounds or are new to the game.

There are two statements in Mah Jongg Made Easy about naming discards that imply discards must be clearly named: 

[An unwanted tile] is discarded face up, calling it by name (MJME 2024, pg 14). 

A tile cannot be claimed until it is correctly named (MJME 2024, pg 19).

Jokers

When a player discards a joker, they can name it “joker,” “same,” or the name of the previous discard. Regardless of what the discarded Joker is called, it may not be taken/called for any reason whatsoever. (Joker Protocols; MJME 2024 page 24 # 10 and #11; MJME 2020 omission).

Repeat Discard

While there is no specific NMJL rule that explicitly allows a player to say “same” for a repeat discard, there is also no rule that prohibits it.

Since NMJL does allow shorthand verbalizations such as “joker,” “same,” or referencing the previous discard when intent is clear, using “same” for a repeat discard seems consistent.

The key is clarity. If everyone understands which tile is being referenced, “same” should be acceptable. If there is any doubt, the tile should be fully named.

Suited Tiles

There are three suits, each numbered 1 through 9:

• Dots (also called “balls”)
• Bamboos (often called “bams”)
• Characters (often called “craks”)

When discarding a suited tile, players must state both the number and suit (e.g., “5 dot,” “2 bam,” “7 crak”). This eliminates ambiguity since the same number exists in each suit.

Winds

The winds are East, South, West, and North. When discarding, the direction alone is sufficient—e.g., “East,” “South.” The word wind is not necessary.

Dragons

There are three dragons: Red Dragon, Green Dragon, and White Dragon.

• Red Dragon or “Red”
• Green Dragon or “Green”
• White Dragon or “White”

Since there are only three dragons, adding the word “dragon” is unnecessary. Saying “red,” “green,” or “soap” is clear enough (Mah Jongg Made Easy (2024, pages 5-8).

Colloquialisms

Some groups use informal names for tiles. For example:

• The 1 bam is sometimes called “the bird.”
• The White Dragon is almost universally called “soap.”

Colloquialisms can be fun, but they may confuse beginners or visitors. Groups should ensure all players understand the naming conventions used at their table.

Best Practice

Use clear, standard names whenever possible. This ensures that all players—new and experienced alike—understand discards quickly. If a group prefers colloquialisms, these should be explained before play begins so everyone is on the same page.

Common mistakes to avoid:

• Leaving out the suit: Saying “five” instead of “five crak” is unclear, since each suit has a five.
• Adding unnecessary words: Saying “red dragon” or “east wind” isn’t wrong, but is unusual.
• Using nicknames without explanation: New players may not recognize “bird” for 1 bam or “soap” for White Dragon unless told in advance.
• Mumbling or speaking too softly: Discards should be announced clearly so all players can hear and react.

Announcing discards with clarity is not only about following rules—it is also an act of sportsmanship and respect. Clear communication reduces misunderstandings, keeps the game moving smoothly, and gives every player an equal opportunity to participate. By agreeing on naming conventions and announcing tiles in a way that everyone understands, players create an atmosphere of harmony at the table where the focus stays on strategy, enjoyment, and friendly competition.

Source:  National Mah Jongg League (MJME 2024, pg 14, 19); National Mah Jongg League Bulletin 2024 Q12;